Lateral deviation of the spine is known as which condition?

• A. Kyphosis
• B. Lordosis
• C. Scoliosis
• D. Ankylosis

Answer: (C)

Scoliosis is the lateral deviation of the spine. This curvature occurs in the frontal (coronal) plane and is often accompanied by rotation of the vertebrae, which can produce a rib hump on the side opposite the bend when the person bends forward. This distinguishes it from kyphosis and lordosis, which are curvatures in the sagittal plane: kyphosis is an exaggerated posterior (thoracic) curvature, while lordosis is an exaggerated anterior (lumbar) curvature. Ankylosis refers to stiffening or fusion of joints, not a curved spine. Clinically, scoliosis is assessed with the Cobb angle on X-ray to gauge severity, with management ranging from observation for mild curves to bracing for moderate curves and surgery for severe or progressive cases.